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Aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, G2 as secondary metabolites of fungal species such as Aspergillus flavus or Aspergillus parasiticus growing on a variety of foods (peanuts, nuts, spices, cereals). Aflatoxins are a group of very carcinogenic mycotoxins with hepatotoxic effects. Aflatoxin is biotransformed to genotoxic intermediates by P450 Phase I enzymes, mainly CYP3A4 via aflatoxin B1 3-hydroxylation. Detoxification depends on Phase II enzymes, such as Glutathione S-Transferase and AFB(1)-aldehyde reductase (AFAR).Aflatoxin B1 is one of the most potent environmental mutagens and carcinogens known.Environmental contaminants

References: Cifford, R., et al.: Nature, 209, 312 (1966); Wogan, et al.: Food Cosmet. Toxicol., 12, 681 (1974); Sinz, M.W., et al.: J. Toxicol. Toxin Rev., 10, 87 (1991);